Aluminum Hydroxide Nanoparticles

Aluminum Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) nanoparticles are found in the form of white amorphous powder. Aluminum hydroxide is widely known for its use in flame retardants because of its low cost and non-toxicity and easy to incorporate into various thermo-sets polymers. As the temperature increases aluminum hydroxide shows endothermic decomposition (about 220 °C with an endothermic reaction of 1.17 kJ/g) and absorbs energy. Also, it releases water vapor diluting the combustible gasses. Another important use of aluminum hydroxide is known to be a common precursor of alumina which has wide applications in the field of ceramic industry. In addition to these applications, aluminum hydroxide has been utilized as phosphate adsorbers in wastewater treatment, catalyst carrier, antiacid drugs to reduce excess acidity in the stomach, as an adjuvant in vaccines to induce a strong immune response, and as additives in pulp and paper industries.