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Nanomaterials are those materials which are present on a nanometric scale which means it is below nm in either one of its dimension. They are known as nanomaterials because of their size and their very high fraction as well. The PVD and CVD that are in existence are useful in processing for the preparation of microcrystalline coatings because it is very useful for the production of nanostructured coatings. For the purpose of further research in battery technology, the major drivers are to …

Currently, the most appropriate energy storage device for powering electric vehicles (EVs) is lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their interesting characteristics like high power density, high energy density, long life cycle, lack of memory effect, and high energy efficiency.Because of these beneficial characteristics, they are lighter and smaller as compared to any other conventional rechargeable batteries like nickel-metal hydride batteries (Ni–MH), and nickel-cadmium batteries (Ni-Cd), a …